Patents on Environmental Technologies and Environmental Sustainability in Spain

Through an in-depth evaluation of the potential effectiveness intellectual property protection on environmental technologies, aim present research is to investigate effect patents innovation, energy use, GDP, and trade openness deregulation in Spain using nonlinear ARDL techniques. Specifically, study findings indicate that technologies enhance environ-mental sustainability Spain, as evidenced by novel results from ARDL. Secondly, our reveals Spain’s growing economy degrades quality environment. Based study, positive changes could have effects sustainability, suggesting better productivity, more international trade, increased economic facilitate improvement impact. Lastly, this provides evidence demonstrating suffer due excessive consumption. In light study’s policy recommendations, policymakers Spanish government should encourage collaboration between private public partnerships address global climate change or regional pollution. It necessary for development contribute technological progress sector; however, promoting patenting be prioritized. By expanding patent protection, eco-friendly can combat carbon emissions developed swiftly which will enable life sustainable lowering use resources. A strong sys-tem foster environmentally-friendly while reducing CO2 Spain.